Biogeografía ecológica de los ensambles de pequeños mamíferos en los Andes centrales de Argentina

Agustina Novillo, Ricardo A. Ojeda

Resumen


Los Andes constituyen una de las cadenas montañosas más extensas del planeta y un verdadero laboratorio para el estudio de la evolución de la biota sudamericana. En homenaje a José Yepes, uno de los pioneros en caracterizar la distribución de mamíferos de Argentina, buscamos en esta contribución sintetizar, desde la biogeografía ecológica, el conocimiento que tenemos sobre los patrones de diversidad de pequeños mamíferos de los Andes Centrales Áridos (ACA) y los factores causales. Caracterizamos, a nivel regional y local, los patrones de riqueza de roedores y endemismos en función de latitud, altitud y área. A escala regional, generamos una base de datos a partir de rangos de distribución de las especies, mientras que a escala local se realizaron muestreos en 4 transectas altitudinales entre los 32ºS y 35ºS. Entre los resultados destacamos, a escala regional: a) un elevado número de endemismos (> 50 %); b) aumento de riqueza con la altura, y c) relación especies endémicas – área. A escala local destacamos: d) la riqueza incrementa con la altura, precipitación media y heterogeneidad topográfica, y e) mayor abundancia en alturas intermedias.


Palabras clave


Micromamíferos; Andes; gradientes; diversidad

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